Argentina-Uruguay Environmental Border Dispute Before the World Court
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| Representantes de Argentina y Uruguay de pie ante los jueces de La Haya. | Ap |
By Pieter H.F. Bekker
ASIL Insights, Volume 10, Issue 11, May 16, 2006
On May 4, 2006, Argentina instituted proceedings before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against its neighbor Uruguay claiming that Uruguay has breached a bilateral treaty obligation to consult with Argentina before taking action on a pulp mill project affecting the River Uruguay, which partially constitutes the joint boundary of the two South American countries. The ICJ, which is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations primarily entrusted with settling legal disputes between sovereign states, consists of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms by the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council. The Court has its seat at the Peace Palace in The Hague, The Netherlands.
The dispute, which has severely strained relations between the two countries, relates to the construction of a paper mill project on the banks of the River Uruguay near Fray Bentos, a Uruguayan town with a population of some 23,000. The project is situated within 25 kilometers from the Argentine town of Gualeguaychú, a popular tourist resort of some 80,000 residents on the Argentine side of the River Uruguay. The project consists of two greenfield eucalyptus Kraft pulp mills using Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) technology to produce air-dried pulp (ADP). ADP is the primary raw material for the production of paper and paper-related products. In contrast to the Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) bleaching process, ECF technology results in the emission of dioxins through the use of chlorine dioxide. The plants will produce a combined total of about 1.4 million tons of pulp annually. The project's total cost is estimated at $1.7 billion, representing the largest foreign investment in Uruguay's history and a key source for local employment in Uruguay. The project sponsors are Europe's largest pulp producers. The project is at an early stage of construction, having received the necessary permits from the Uruguayan authorities. If completed, it would be the world's biggest cellulose mill project.
ASIL Insights, Volume 10, Issue 11, May 16, 2006
On May 4, 2006, Argentina instituted proceedings before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against its neighbor Uruguay claiming that Uruguay has breached a bilateral treaty obligation to consult with Argentina before taking action on a pulp mill project affecting the River Uruguay, which partially constitutes the joint boundary of the two South American countries. The ICJ, which is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations primarily entrusted with settling legal disputes between sovereign states, consists of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms by the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council. The Court has its seat at the Peace Palace in The Hague, The Netherlands.
The dispute, which has severely strained relations between the two countries, relates to the construction of a paper mill project on the banks of the River Uruguay near Fray Bentos, a Uruguayan town with a population of some 23,000. The project is situated within 25 kilometers from the Argentine town of Gualeguaychú, a popular tourist resort of some 80,000 residents on the Argentine side of the River Uruguay. The project consists of two greenfield eucalyptus Kraft pulp mills using Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) technology to produce air-dried pulp (ADP). ADP is the primary raw material for the production of paper and paper-related products. In contrast to the Totally Chlorine Free (TCF) bleaching process, ECF technology results in the emission of dioxins through the use of chlorine dioxide. The plants will produce a combined total of about 1.4 million tons of pulp annually. The project's total cost is estimated at $1.7 billion, representing the largest foreign investment in Uruguay's history and a key source for local employment in Uruguay. The project sponsors are Europe's largest pulp producers. The project is at an early stage of construction, having received the necessary permits from the Uruguayan authorities. If completed, it would be the world's biggest cellulose mill project.


